Notably, the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT in late 2022 marked a pivotal moment, bringing AI technology more sharply into focus. After that the financial markets have experienced a notable surge in AI-related stocks. This trend has led to a significant appreciation in the value of AI stocks, with many outperforming the broader market indices. For instance, by mid-2023, certain AI-related ETFs have surpassed the S&P 500 by a considerable margin.