Best Senior Dating Sites: Trust Over 50 Dating Sites For Mature Dating (2023)

What differentiates senior dating sites is the pleasant experience they provide. Advanced algorithms work perfectly to match you with like-minded people who share your interests. This unique approach leads to more serious connections and makes your dating journey exceptional and unforgettable.

Are you ready to dive right into the world of senior dating and meet other singles over 50? We have done the hard work for you and collected a list of the most prominent dating sites for seniors. These over 50 dating sites in our list provide strict verification processes and powerful support systems to ensure your security and protect you from scammers and fake profiles. 

Best Senior Dating Sites for Mature Dating

• SeniorMatch – Best Senior Dating Site Overall

• SeniorSizzle – Best for Singles Over 50 Seeking Short-Term Relationships

• AdultFriendFinder – Largest Adult Dating Site for Casual Relationships

• AshleyMadison – Best for Female Mature Singles

• MillionaireMatch – Best for Wealthy Mature Folks

• SeniorFriendFinder – Best for Senior People Seeking Long-Term Relationships

• CougarLife – Popular Mature Dating Platform for Older Women

• SilverSingles – Best for Divorced Seniors to Find Match Again

• DateMyAge – Best for Seniors Seeking Casual Relationships

• OurTime – Best for Offline Dating

• EliteSingles – Best for Professional Mature Singles

1. SeniorMatch – Best Senior Dating Site Overall

Senior Match is a user-friendly dating website that is best for singles over 50. It offers a comfortable place for seniors to discover their ideal matches. The quality over 50 dating site provides a friendly community and has various features available to all users.

SeniorMatch delivers opportunities to meet new people and is especially great for those seeking long-term relationships. Most members are mature people who have experienced the ups and downs of life, making it a proper platform for divorced or widowed singles.?

Pros

• Unique match recommendations through the Reverse Matches feature
• Up to 50 daily winks for free members
• A great proportion of members seek serious relationships
• Assistance from account managers to navigate the site easily
• Strong, responsive customer support to solve any issue

Cons

• The sluggish loading time of the site
• Limited members in some locations due to the niche nature of the site

Special Features

• Account Manager: Premium members can receive assistance from reliable account managers to navigate the over 50 dating site with ease.
• Send a Wink: You can freely send 50 one-liner messages per day to show your interest in others in a playful way.?
• Senior Forum: Take part in free discussions, seek advice, and interact with similar singles on various senior dating topics.
• Reverse Matches: This feature helps you discover match recommendations with singles who share similarities with you, focusing on your self-descriptions.
• First Date Ideas: Premium users can use a section with creative date suggestions, building connections through comments and reactions.
• Blog: The blog feature allows you to communicate with the community through personal weblogs, thoughts, experiences, and interests.

Pricing System

SeniorMatch offers free trial services. The service helps members use the platform and send messages for free. The table below shows the subscription plans of the website:?

Costs

Total

1 Month

$29.95/month

$29.95

3 Months

$19.98/month

$59.95

6 Months

$15.99/month

$95.95

The Verdict

SeniorMatch is a complete dating platform that is specifically best for seniors over 50. It offers a great community and essential features to build meaningful connections.?

The best senior dating site provides a mobile app and can load data sometimes. What’s more, It powerfully provides responsive customer support, personalized assistance, and the unique “Reverse Matches” feature.?

SeniorMatch absorbs mature singles who search for serious commitments. It is a suitable choice for divorced singles, widowed singles, and older singles who need deep friendships.

? Why Wait? Join the Best Senior Dating Site for a True Love

2. SeniorSizzle – Best for Singles Over 50 Seeking Short-Term Relationships

SeniorSizzle is a hookup-oriented dating site that's best for both seniors who search for other seniors and older singles who tend to date young partners. It mainly focuses on casual encounters instead of long-term relationships.?

The platform has a significant number of users. Around 77 million members use SeniorSizzle, including 35 million users from the USA. The website doesn't offer a mobile app, but provides valuable features, especially for Gold membership options.?

Pros

• Comprehensive search options
• The Academy for Gold members to improve life
• Numerous users looking for casual hookups
• Access to member videos and photos for Gold members
• Regular contests for members' engagement

Cons

• Restricted member features compared to other sites
• Tons of advertising on the platform
• Higher cost for Gold membership

Special Features

• Messaging: You can read the messages you receive and even respond to them. Also, you are free to start a conversation with any matchup you find attractive.
• Viewing Member Videos and Photos: Most users usually share additional photos and videos on their profiles. Gold members can view all photos in full size and play all videos posted by other members.
• Contests: The platform frequently hosts different engaging contests for its members. All members can access these contests. You can even check previous contest winners and upcoming contests to see if you like to participate.
• Instant Messaging and Photo Comments: In addition to conventional messaging, the platform allows you to interact with others via instant messages. You can even leave comments on their photos to take your relationships to a new level.?

Pricing System

The Gold membership of the platform unlocks all the features and comes with the following pricing options:

Costs

Total

1 Month

$39.95/month

$39.95

3 Months

$26.95/month

$80.85

12 Months

$19.95/month

$239.40

Verdict

SeniorSizzle is a dating platform that is specifically useful for seniors looking for casual hookups and relationships with younger partners. A significant number of users are active on the platform, taking advantage of versatile features such as messaging, contests.?

Everything you need can be found on the platform to help you enjoy your new relationship; however, the higher pricing may be a drawback for some users. Generally, SeniorSizzle provides an environment for those who need casual fun and experimentation in a mature context.

? Discover a World of Mature Love on SeniorSizzle

3. AdultFriendFinder – The Largest Adult Dating Site for Casual Relationships

AdultFriendFinder is an unconventional dating platform with a deep focus on speed and convenience. It is widely known as one of the oldest dating sites since 1996.?

The platform comes with myriad features and a large user base. It supports a wide variety of interests and preferences, highlighting no-judgment dating. The neat interface and the mobile app make it completely simple for seniors to use the platform with ease.?

Pros

• A plethora of features, including album, video, and photo uploads
• Compatibility functions and modern search options
• Large user base with global accessibility?
• Excellent user interface and the smartphone app
• Unique contests and gifts feature

Cons

• Distracting advertisements on the site
• Clunky and outdated web design, potentially impacting usability
• Presence of fake profiles, affecting user experience

Special Features

• Contests: Many regularly-changing contests organized by the platform engage members and stimulate their creativity with great prizes.
• Free Blogs: This feature lets you access a community section with blogs created by regular members to enhance your communication. It also allows Gold members to comment and create their own blogs.
• Gifts: This is a premium feature that enables you to send virtual gifts to other members and make more personal connections.?
• Advanced Search: You can use user-specific filters to discover potential matches according to their age, location, interests, and physical attributes.
• Live Video Sessions: Using this feature, you can watch live videos and unique content from other members and find opportunities to connect with them.?
• Compatibility Functions: You can use this feature to compare potential matches according to your desires.?
• Chat Rooms: You can participate in chat rooms for relevant discussions and conversations. Gold members can create their own chat rooms or groups.?

Pricing System

AdultFriendFinder offers many free features to help users create profiles, share content, and communicate with others. Also, the table below shows their paid membership options:?

Costs

Total

1 Month

$39.95/month

$39.95

3 Months

$26.95/month

$80.85

12 Months

$19.95/month

$239.40

Verdict

AdultFriendFinder is a well-known dating platform for a diverse range of members and interests. It offers many tools for seniors to find their desired partner, including blogs, contests, chat rooms, and live video sessions.?

Despite some drawbacks such as fake profiles and ads, AdultFriendFinder remains a genuine option for those looking for casual or long-term connections. The Gold membership provides flexible options for users to choose their subscription plan according to their desires and usage routines.

?Join AdultFriendFinder and Find Perfect Mature Match

4. AshleyMadison – Best for Female Mature Singles

AshleyMadison is a dating site known for enabling extramarital affairs. It is a platform for those who need casual relationships or companionship. The website cares deeply for privacy and discretion as it offers a safe space for users to find out about their desires outside of a committed relationship.?

The platform has a global user base and empowers users with many features such as chat tools, advanced search filters, and profile customization. AshleyMadison has been working online for over two decades to boost the romantic lives and desires of countless users.?

Pros

• Large global user base for better matchmaking
• Discreet and confidential with a heavy focus on privacy
• Advanced search features for specific desires
• Active community with more females than males in some regions
• User-friendly interface for easy navigation

Cons

• Rather high fees for premium memberships and certain features?
• Controversial fame due to its focus on extramarital affairs
• Limited features for free users
• Limited features for free users

Special Features

• Panic Button: Users can discreetly redirect to a generic website to safeguard their privacy and prevent suspicion from other users.?
• 100% Free for Women: Female members can fully access the platform for free and use features like search, communication, and virtual gifting.
• Fantasy Date: You can propose virtual dates with themes and locations to create exciting interactions and take your dates to a new level.?
• Affair Guarantee: The platform allows users to refund if they can’t find a match within the first three months. It guarantees matchmaking before members join it.?
• Priority Man: Users can highlight their profile in search results to maximize their visibility to potential matches.
• Private Showcase Keys: You can share private photos securely with specific members using keys to offer control over shared content.

Pricing System

Members of AshleyMadison can use a credit system to access certain features. Different bundles of credits are available for members, as shown in the table below:?

Credits?

Price

Basic

100 Credits?

$59

Classic

500 Credits?

$169

Elite

1,000 Credits?

$289

Verdict

AshleyMadison is famously recognized for its unique approach to relationships, the focus on privacy, and handling diverse desires. Although the purpose of the platform has raised a lot of controversies, its large user base proves the high demand for its services and features.?

The site offers a bunch of special features such as a discreet panic button and the ability to send virtual gifts. However, some users might be uncomfortable with the high prices of the platform and the limited features of free accounts.

5. MillionaireMatch – Best for Wealthy Mature Folks

MillionaireMatch is a specific dating site that provides services for successful people and attractive singles. It offers an appropriate mobile app and comes with a substantial membership base. The platform specifically tries to provide dating opportunities for the rich.?

Some unique features set MillionaireMatch apart, including the Certified Millionaire Badge, personalized matchmaking consultations, and handpicked weekly matches. It has been operating since 2001 and is known as a reliable platform in the online dating world.

Pros

• Certified Millionaire Badges for verified profiles
• Active female members in blogs and forums
• The ability to reply to Gold members’ messages for free
• Established in 2001 with a large user base
• Active 24/7 customer support

Cons

• Some users pretend to be millionaires
• Lack of video-chat support
• Low-quality or incomplete profiles

Special Features

• Forum: It is where members can find their answers and interact with others. It offers different conversation starters and questions visible to all members to enable a sense of community and camaraderie.
• First-Date Ideas: Users are allowed to post their first-date ideas, and premium members can reply to them. This feature helps members use creative suggestions to plan exciting outings.
• Blog: Members can post blogs to share their thoughts with the community. It helps members build warm discussions and express their ideas uniquely.
• Recall Message: Users can delete their shared messages, photos, or conversations to protect privacy and have greater control over their communications.
• Members Luxuries: It is where members can share photos of their luxury belongings, showcase their luxurious lifestyle, and show their tastes.
• Moment: It is a dynamic feature that helps you show your personality through short 30-second videos to express yourself and attract potential matches.?

Pricing System

MillionaireMatch offers a free trial with limited access. Premium membership allows members to use over 40 additional features, including virtual dating assistants, online profile management, and coaching services.

Costs

Total

1 Month

$70/month

$70

3 Months

$56.67/month

$170

6 Months

$45/month

$270

Verdict

MillionaireMatch is the proper dating platform for the rich who search for deep connections. It is a special environment with verified profiles and handpicked matches to deliver an ideal platform for successful singles who need meaningful relationships.?

The unique features and active community of MillionaireMatch have led to its positive prestige and success in the online dating world. Its developed interface, affluent members, and personalized approach help you enjoy your dating journey the most.?

6. SeniorFriendFinder – Best for Senior People Seeking Long-Term Relationships

SeniorFriendFinder is an online dating platform that aims to attract seniors over 60. It offers a user-friendly interface and is accessible to seniors with diverse skills in using the Internet. The platform comes with a broad user base and offers many free features to help mature singles find deep relationships.?

SeniorFriendFinder has successfully matched countless singles around the world. It’s not a surprise to know that over 500,000 members are active on the platform. It provides a secure area for senior men/women to interact and discover new relationships, emphasizing the fact that age is not a barrier for those who love each other.?

Pros

• User-friendly interface for seniors of all tech levels
• Fast and easy account creation procedure
• Mobile app for iOS users
• Broad user base and numerous potential matches

Cons

• No access to advanced features for free users
• No separate app for Android devices

Special Features

• Active User Base: Thousands of users are always online. It will be easy to find a match fast, even when it is not peak hours.
• Personalized Profiles: The user-friendly interface helps you customize your profile with ease and start making connections in a flash.?
• Free Online Magazine: An annual magazine provides attractive content for users over 60 to guide them through their dating sessions.
• Blogs: Users can share their thoughts and read articles from other members to have a sense of being in a large community of like-minded people.

Pricing System

SeniorFriendFinder offers two main membership options, as the table below shows:?

Costs

Silver Membership

1 Month

$22.99

3 Months

$35.97

Gold Membership

1 Month

$34.99

3 Months?

$59.96

Verdict

SeniorFriendFinder is an appropriate platform for seniors who search for long-term, serious relationships. It has a user-friendly interface and offers numerous main features for free, making it the desired choice among mature singles.?

The platform has an active and growing user base to help seniors have a higher chance of finding like-minded partners and building everlasting relationships in a safe and supportive space.

7. CougarLife – Popular Mature Dating Platform for Older Women

CougarLife is a leading cougar dating site launched in 2006. It is a welcoming space for mature women who seek young men and vice versa. You will be surprised to learn that CougarLife has over 7 million users around the world, hence being a gigantic competitor in its field of activity.?

The site mainly tries to break stereotypes and boost meaningful connections between older women and younger men. It offers compelling features to enrich your cougar dating experience.

Pros

• Free membership with main functions
• Fully functional mobile app
• Simple, easy registration process

Cons

• Rather expensive premium memberships
• Presence of unverified accounts

Special Features

• Find A Date: Users can see ladies looking for dates on specific days.?
• CougarLife Blog: Worthwhile tips and guides for thriving cougar relationships.
• Private Photo Gallery: Private photos of mature women in charming poses.
• Virtual Gifts: Users can exchange virtual gifts for more pleasant interactions.
• Send Flirt: It allows you to send flirts to show your interest without words.
• Priority Mail: Ensures messages appear on top for higher visibility.
• Chat With Me: Fast communication with older women or younger men through chat is possible.?

Pricing System

CougarLife offers a free membership but with limited features. To unlock all premium services, users can purchase one of the following plans and earn credits to use premium features:?

Credits

Costs

1 Month

100 Credits

$40

3 Months

500 Credits

$87

12 Months

3,000 Credits?

$144

Verdict

CougarLife is a dating platform for mature women and younger men to connect. Although the free version has limitations, the premium memberships are affordable. The site offers a fully functional mobile app for convenience. Also, its various exciting features, including virtual gifts and priority mail, notably enhance your cougar dating session.?

8. SilverSingles – Best for Divorced Seniors to Find Match Again

SilverSingles is a dating site for singles over 50 with powerful matchmaking capabilities. It offers a stress-free online dating experience through its easy-to-use platform. The site provides thoughtful expert advice for meaningful connections. Monthly, over 381,000 new members join the platform, making it easy to find your desired match.?

Pros

• Affordable options compared to competitors
• A special community for adults over 50
• Match with 3 to 7 partners daily

Cons

• Have to rely on matches sent by the site rather than searching on their own
• Must contact customer care for retaking the personality test

Special Features

• Have You Met: This feature lets you see more options and discover mutual interest in a low-commitment way.
• Read Receipts: It helps you know when your messages are read by your matches to provide smoother communication and engagement on the platform. All members can take advantage of this feature for free.?
• Daily Matches: The platform provides daily matches based on your desires to save you time and effort in finding potential partners.

Pricing System

SilverSingles offers a free Basic membership with limited features, but Premium membership options are also available:?

Costs

Total

3 Months

$44.95/month

$134.85

6 Months

$34.95/month

$209.7

12 Months

$24.95/month

$299.4

Verdict

SilverSingles offers dating services to a niche community of singles over 50. It is considered a refreshing and convenient platform for noteworthy connections.?

The site's personality test and daily matches are just a couple of its impressive features. Although the Basic membership has some limitations, the Premium membership is reasonably priced as a viable option for adults seeking companionship.

9. DateMyAge – Best for Seniors Seeking Casual Relationships

DateMyAge is another online dating platform for singles who are in their mid-40s and older and looking for serious relationships. It offers a wide variety of features such as live broadcasts to improve your dating journey.?

Introductory messages are free on DateMyAge, but the site primarily operates on a credit-based system for premium features. Despite all the benefits the site offers, there are some drawbacks to note, including fake and clickbait profiles and costly contacting features.?

Pros

• Free introductory messages for all users
• User-friendly website and mobile app
• Availability of video calls and chat

Cons

• Expensive contacting features
• Unresponsive customer service for billing issues
• Prevalence of fake and clickbait profiles to encourage credit purchases

Special Features

• Let's Mingle: You can send introductory messages to multiple members at the same time.?
• Live Support: Members can access live chat support on the platform.
• Video Chat: It is possible to improve your communication with others through video chat.?
• Send Stickers, Smileys, and Offline Messages: You can show your interest via stickers, smileys, and offline messages.
• Send Presents: The platform allows you to send virtual/physical gifts to those you like.
• Broadcasts: You can view live videos of standard members for free.
• Email Correspondence: This feature allows you to send real emails to matches.

Pricing System

DateMyAge offers different packages in a credit-based system to help members use premium features:?

Costs

Total

150 Credits

$0.13/credit

$19.99

600 Credits

$0.25/credit

$149.99

1,500 Credits

$0.2/month

$299.99

Verdict

DateMyAge is a complete dating platform for singles over 40 who need serious relationships, though it may also absorb younger adults. It offers a user-friendly interface and unique features, but you should be aware of fake profiles too. Some users of the platform are also concerned about its costly contacting features.?

It should also be noted that the site operates on a credit-based system instead of the regular premium membership packages.?

10. OurTime – Best for Offline Dating

Singles who are over 50 and looking for love, friendship, and serious relationships can take advantage of OurTime dating platform. It comes with various contact features such as ConnectMe and Virtual Gifts to improve your interactions the most.?

The platform has many free features, but most contact features are paid. You can use OurTime’s profile promotion feature to boost your visibility and attract more matches.?

Pros

• Profile promotion to enhance visibility and matchmaking
• Fun and diverse contacting features
• Free mobile app for iOS/Android users

Cons

• Almost all contacting features require payment
• Fewer matches for rural users in location-based matching
• Presence of potential scammers due to the lack of a profile verification system

Special Features

• Profile Pro: Skilled writers create unique profiles for users who have difficulties expressing themselves.?
• Promote Me: This feature boosts your visibility and places your profile on the top of search results to provide higher chances of attracting matches.?
• Connect Me: This feature offers a virtual phone number for voice calls to enable advanced communications and maintain your privacy at the same time.
• Virtual Gifts: Users can send virtual gifts to catch the attention of other members.?

Pricing System

In addition to the standard membership option, OurTime offers a Value Subscription option and a token-based membership option to purchase virtual gifts and boost visibility:?

Costs

Total

Standard Subscription

1 Month

$34.96/month

$34.96

6 Months

$15.96/month

$95.76

Value Subscription

6 Months

$19.96/month

$119.76

OurTime Tokens

55 Credits

$0.05/credit

$2.99

110 Credits

$0.05/credit

$5.99

280 Credits

$0.04/credit

$9.99

Verdict

OurTime is the right dating site for singles over 50 who need their relationships to be serious. It comes with unique contact features in addition to a free mobile app for easy accessibility.?

It should be mentioned that almost all contact features are not free. What’s more, the absence of a profile verification system has led to the presence of many potential fake accounts and scammers.?

11. EliteSingles – Best for Professional Mature Singles

EliteSingles is a recognized US dating service offering services to educated singles who need profound relationships. Interestingly, the majority of members on the site hold university degrees. The platform tries to match singles through a comprehensive personality test for psychological matching.?

The site comes with many benefits such as active users and strict profile verification. However, you may face some drawbacks such as limited local members in smaller cities and unresponsive customer support. The platform does offer a free membership option and a mobile app for better accessibility.?

Pros

• Active members looking for long-term relationships
• Exact matches thanks to a comprehensive personality quiz
• Immediate banning of suspicious accounts for enhanced security

Cons

• Unresponsive customer support and many users without profile pictures
• Lack of a one-month premium membership option

Special Features

• Match Recommendation: It delivers daily match suggestions based on your preferences, location, and questionnaire answers.?
• Elite Singles Magazine: It offers expert insights and tips on dating.?
• Have You Met: This feature shows profiles of matches missed in daily recommendations.?
• Wildcard Matches: Paid members receive 20 extra daily matches.
• Favorites List: Users can save and review profiles of users who made a positive impression.
• Personality Analysis: This unique feature uses the “Big Five” personality dimensions for compatibility assessment to show matches’ personalities while safeguarding privacy.

Pricing System

EliteSingles offers various subscription plans, including Light, Classic, and Comfort options with different pricing:?

Costs

Total

Light (3 Months)

$37.95/month

$113.85

Classic (6 Months)

$21.95/month

$131.7

Comfort (12 Months)

$19.95/month

$239.4

Verdict

EliteSingles is an excellent choice for educated singles who tends to experience deep relationships again, thanks to its in-depth personality analysis and smart match recommendations. Despite some minor limitations, the platform's essential focus on quality matches and dedicated security measures make it a top competitor in the dating scene.

Safety Tips for Singles Over 50

Dating can be a thrilling adventure at any age. It can happen in the golden years of life. For singles over 50, It is fun and fulfilling to discover new relationships, but it is critical to prioritize safety too.?

Here are some valuable safety tips for over 50 dating:?

• Choose Reputable Dating Platforms: It is wise to pick well-known senior dating sites with a positive background of providing a safe and secure space for their users. Look for mature dating communities with strict verification processes and supportive systems.?
• Verify Profiles: Make sure you review the profile of a potential partner before you contact them. Try to see if their profile is fake, trust your instincts, and report suspicious accounts to the support team.
• Meet in Public Places: When shifting from online to offline dating, try to arrange your first meetings in public places. Make sure you let someone know about the details of your date.?
• Take Your Time: Do not rush into a new relationship. Take your time to know the person better and build a genuine link. Patience allows you to assess their intentions and character more meticulously.
• Avoid Financial Transactions: Be careful about those who ask for money or financial assistance. Scammers always target vulnerable singles, so stay attentive and never send money to someone you have just met online.
• Practice Safe Intimacy: If your relationship reaches a more intimate level, prioritize safe measures. It is always critical to protect yourself from different infections.

FAQs of Senior Dating Sites

Q: Are senior dating sites safe to use?

A: Yes, top senior dating sites prioritize the safety and security of their users. They protect their members from scammers and fake profiles in different ways. Their safety procedures usually include strict profile verification and concentrated customer support.?

It is still essential for users to be cautious. They should avoid sharing sensitive personal information too soon and report any suspicious activity to the site officials.

Q: How do senior dating sites match users?

A: These sites use refined algorithms to match users based on compatibility and shared interests. Many of them use personality tests and questionnaires to collect important information about users' desires and lifestyles.?

This data is then used to suggest potential matches based on the user's criteria. These matching algorithms allow senior dating sites to increase the chances of finding compatible connections.

Q: How do senior dating sites support the specific preferences of older adults?

A: These sites allow users to show their interests/preferences in their profiles. They also have sections or search filters that focus on popular interests among older adults, including travel, music, hobbies, etc.?

Also, some sites organize events or social gatherings for their members to help them connect offline too. They always try to accommodate the different interests of older adults to create a pleasant dating journey for their users.

• Q: Is there a minimum age requirement on senior dating sites?

A: Yes, most of these sites have a minimum age requirement to make sure only the target members join them. The minimum age limit generally starts at 50 or 55 years old. This age restriction ensures a community of like-minded seniors who look for something serious.?

Final Thoughts

We carefully chose the top senior dating sites today to provide you with the road to romance and friendship in the digital era.?Before you start your adventures, make sure you are emotionally and mentally ready for the experience. We understand that returning to the over 50 dating scene after a long suspension can be difficult. Hopefully, you can handle such issues easily by being honest and open.?

The stereotypes related to age should not prevent you from dating after 50. Love knows no boundaries. Forget what society says and build the romantic life you deserve.?

Do not forget that mature dating is something beyond just finding a partner because it can lead to personal growth and self-confidence. Try to enjoy all of its steps with an open heart to discover its beauty and lasting positive effects on your life.?

Then, what are you waiting for? Commence your new adventure of love. Join one of these great senior dating sites and make your mature dating experience an unforgettable one.

Disclaimer: The above is a sponsored post, the views expressed are those of the sponsor/author and do not represent the stand and views of Outlook Editorial.